Chronic exposure of human macrophages in vitro to morphine and methadone induces a putative tolerant/dependent state.
Submitted by Manuel Delgado-Vélez on
Title | Chronic exposure of human macrophages in vitro to morphine and methadone induces a putative tolerant/dependent state. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2008 |
Authors | Delgado-Vélez, M, Lugo-Chinchilla, A, Lizardo, L, Morales, I, Robles, Y, Bruno, N, Rodríguez, JW, Ríos-Olivares, E, Correa, M, Renaud, FL |
Journal | J Neuroimmunol |
Volume | 196 |
Issue | 1-2 |
Pagination | 94-100 |
Date Published | 2008 May 30 |
ISSN | 0165-5728 |
Keywords | Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Tolerance, Female, Humans, Macrophages, Male, Methadone, Morphine, Naloxone, Narcotic Antagonists, Narcotics, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Time Factors |
Abstract | We have shown previously that whereas acute exposure of cultured murine peritoneal macrophages inhibits phagocytosis, chronic exposure results in a putative tolerant/dependent state. We now report similar observations using human cultured monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDM) from a control population and from methadone patients. With hMDM, acute exposure to morphine and methadone inhibited phagocytosis in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, chronic exposure resulted in eventual normalization of phagocytosis, indicating that a putative tolerant state to the opiates had developed. When opiates were withdrawn from chronically-exposed, tolerized hMDM, phagocytosis was once again depressed. The duration of withdrawal-induced depression lasted several hours, which is much longer than evidenced previously with murine macrophages. These data identify well with various in vivo studies on immune effects of opiate withdrawal; and, in so-doing, supplement ongoing speculation that opiate withdrawal is likely to have serious impact on host defenses of street heroin addicts. |
DOI | 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2008.03.004 |
Alternate Journal | J. Neuroimmunol. |
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