About Us

Originally opened in November 1964 as the Delta Regional Primate Research Center, the Tulane National Primate Research Center is one of eight centers that make up the National Primate Research Center Program funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

Pilot Research Program

The purpose of the Pilot Research Program is to provide funds to investigators who show promise of developing a strong career in nonhuman primate biomedical research or who wish to add a nonhuman primate component to their existing research programs. The program is also open to investigators with established research programs using nonhuman primates who wish to develop substantially new research directions. The Program will fund 4 - 6 pilot research projects per year depending upon receipt of meritorious applications, the availability of base-grant funds and resources to support the project. The direct cost for a single research project should not exceed $60,000 for no more than one year of support. No funds will be provided to cover facilities and administration (indirect) costs. No-cost extensions of up to one year will be permitted, with appropriate justification. Pilot research funds will not provide interim support for established projects or for any projects that have qualified for support from other sources.

Research can be on initial model identification, characterization, and development that may follow a case work-up of spontaneously occurring diseases, evaluation of improved husbandry or animal management procedures, or more detailed examination of serendipitous laboratory findings. It is typically developmental or high risk and does not require the extent of preliminary data or results that are normally needed to obtain support from other sources of funding. The proposed study must have potential for leading to a strong research grant application to outside funding agencies.

Investigators must be beyond the postdoctoral rank and may be based at any non-profit academic or research institution. If the applicant is not a TNPRC Core Staff member, a Core Staff Scientist must sponsor him or her. The overall purpose of the project must contribute to objectives of the Center's research programs, and the projects themselves must have the potential of leading to an extramurally funded grant application. The proposal must be substantially different from the applicant's funded projects. A Core Staff Scientist must assume responsibility for overall management, coordination and reports concerning the project. In general, all major activities related to the approved project must be conducted and carried out on site at the Center.

Procedures and Criteria or Submission and Review of Applications

Grant Application and Letter of Intent

Applications will be solicited for two deadlines each year, on November 1st and May 1st, with scientific review in January and July. Awards will be announced in February and August. Projects will be funded in March and September. An investigator is allowed to apply for one proposal per funding cycle and can receive no more than one pilot project award every 2 years. All applications should be preceded by a one-page letter of intent. The letter may contain the abstract of the application, summarily describing background, significance, specific aims, and experimental design. The deadlines for submission of letters of intent are August 1st and February 1st prior to the deadlines for submission of applications. Responses to these letters will be issued within four weeks and are final. Applications submitted without a prior letter of intent will not be considered. After approval of a letter of intent, the corresponding grant proposal must be submitted at the following proposal submission date.

Please include with your submission the biosketch(es) of the investigators involved. Incomplete letters of intent and applications will not be considered. Letters of intent with biosketch(es), and applications should be submitted as eight originals and an electronic copy to:

Pyone Pyone Aye DVM, PhD; Unit of Collaborative Research; Tulane National Primate Research Center; 18703 Three Rivers Rd; Covington, LA 70433; Ph: (985) 871 6486; Fax: (985) 871 6405; E-mail: paye@tulane.edu;

Proposal Review

All applications will be reviewed for scientific merit by the TNPRC - Pilot Research Review Committee, which is appointed by the Center Director and is composed of one member from each TNPRC Division, and two reviewers from outside the TNPRC and Tulane University. TNPRC reviewers are appointed to the Committee for five years, and their appointment may be renewed. The outside reviewers may be affiliate scientists and are appointed for a three-year period, which may be renewed for an additional three years. Committee members will be permitted to seek confidential verbal or written reports from colleagues not belonging to the Committee if they have a need for additional assessment. All additional outside assessments received, whether verbal or written, will be reported to the committee. Ad-hoc members with particular areas of expertise may be appointed as needed. The recommendations of the Committee will be forwarded to the Center Director. It will be the Director's responsibility to make the final decision as to which proposals are funded and at what budgetary level. In the event that overlapping funding is received at any time after a pilot study award is made, funding for the pilot study project will terminate. An application that is not funded may be resubmitted as a revised application one time only.

Progress Report

It is expected that one or more manuscripts and a NIH-grant application or equivalent will be submitted while the pilot project is in progress or shortly after its conclusion. If manuscripts or grant applications are not submitted within one year of the conclusion of the pilot project, a written statement must be provided to the Center Director explaining the reasons for this omission. A report of progress on each pilot research project including manuscripts and grants submitted must be provided to the Center Director in March for inclusion in the Center's annual progress report. Failure to do so will result in termination of funding.

Review Criteria

The following criteria will be used to review the proposal:

• Scientific merit (Significance, Approach, Innovation)
• Complementarity between the goals of the project and the scientific program of the TNPRC.
• Likelihood of moving from the pilot study to a NIH-grant application or equivalent.
• Feasibility of the project within the time allotted to the project
• Budget
• Availability of an approved IACUC protocol (To prevent delays an IACUC protocol may be submitted at the same time as the application. An approved IACUC protocol is required prior to starting the project.)

FAQ's

• What is a primate?

• A primate is the most general category of closely related, intelligent, visually oriented, dexterous mammals possessing hands instead of paws. Primates can be divided into humans, apes, monkeys, and prosimians. These groups can be differentiated on the basis of physical features, for example, number of teeth, brain size relative to body size, overall body size, and presence or lack of a tail. After humans, the smartest and generally largest primates are the apes, e.g. chimpanzees and gorillas. Prosimians, e.g. lemurs, with the smallest relative brain and body size, are the most primitive primate. They are often active at night. All of the nonhuman primates at the TNPRC are monkeys.

• Why do we study monkeys at the TNPRC?

• As our closest relatives, monkeys can provide the most applicable information toward solving some human health problems. Monkeys are only studied if other species such as rats and mice cannot provide the answers we need. A research project must use as few monkeys as possible to derive the needed information. In addition to biomedical research, we conduct research to help improve the veterinary care of our monkeys and to provide for their psychological health.

• What kinds of monkeys live at the TNPRC?

• Most of our monkeys are rhesus macaques. We also house closely related species called pigtail macaques and cynomolgus macaques. In addition, we house savannah baboons, mangabeys, green monkeys, patas monkeys, and squirrel monkeys. Read more about the nonhuman primates...

• Why do we have so many different species of monkeys?

• The most relevant biomedical model for disease is not always the rhesus macaque. Rhesus macaques are the most widely used primate in biomedical research; however, some diseases, treatments, surgeries, or other interventions are best studied in other species due to differences in susceptibility and response to disease.

• From where do we get our monkeys?

• We do not remove monkeys from the wild. The TNPRC has a self-sustaining breeding colony of rhesus monkeys. We do obtain some monkeys from captive breeding colonies at other facilities to provide necessary genetic diversity.

• Is research that uses monkeys regulated?

• Using monkeys in biomedical research is a serious responsibility. There are numerous regulatory safeguards to ensure that all research projects are critically important to human or animal health, that as few monkeys are used as possible, that the least invasive procedures are performed, that the monkeys' duration on the project is as short as possible, that any discomfort or signs of disease are well controlled through excellent clinical care, and that the animal's social and physical environments are as enriched as possible throughout the duration of the study.

• How do monkeys live when they are in their natural social groups in the wild?

• Most of the species we house at the TNPRC form multi-male/multi-female groups in which there is a strong dominance hierarchy for both males and females. Group sizes vary widely but can contain several hundred individuals in some of the species, e.g. rhesus monkeys and squirrel monkeys. Kinship plays a critical role in the social structure. Social groups are composed of several matrilines or family groups. Each matriline consists of the dominant female, her daughters, granddaughters, and immature male offspring. Each animal has a rank within its matriline, and matrilines are ranked with respect to one another. A female is born into and grows up in the same group, her natal group. Males leave their natal social groups at maturity and may live solitarily or in all-male bachelor groups and remain in them for two or more years before trying to join a new social group as fully adult breeding males.

• Do monkeys form friendships? How do they show their friendships?

• Monkeys form strong, friendly relationships that are manifested by grooming, by support in conflicts with other monkeys and by spending considerable time around each other during the day and by sleeping next to each other at night. Animals with close bonds often feed close to each other, while other animals will space out widely to avoid aggression. These relationships are often, but not always, found among kin.

• What is the best type of outdoor enclosure for monkeys?

• Most of our enclosures are 1⁄8 acre to one acre corrals. We are gradually subdividing many of our largest, open-top corrals into 1⁄8 acre corrals with mesh ceilings. This design has several advantages. Since our primates love to climb, a ceiling provides more usable space. In the 1⁄8 and 1⁄4 acre corrals, we are better able to see animals and monitor their health and social relationships, and to identify individual animals. Group sizes are large enough to provide species-appropriate, stimulating social lives. Some of our primates are housed in runs and corn cribs with smaller social groups. Many of these are young animals that will be combined into larger social groups as they mature.

• Do our monkeys ever get out of their outdoor enclosures?

• As in all captive animal facilities, the rare accident has happened. At the TNPRC and other facilities, monkeys who are inadvertently released generally stay in the immediate vicinity, since that is the location of security, food, and group-mates. Occasionally a monkey will climb high in a tree, in which case it is watched until it comes down and can be captured and returned to the group. The vast majority of monkeys are recaptured within hours.

• What kind of food do monkeys eat?

• Monkey diets vary with species, the season and even by the sex of the animal. In the wild, the primate species housed at the TNPRC eat primarily fruits and leaves, seeds, tubers, and insects. In a year, a wild monkey may eat over 200 different things. At the TNPRC monkeys receive nutritionally complete chow biscuits (approximately 45 tons per month) supplemented with a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, and seeds.

• How smart are monkeys?

• Intelligence is difficult to measure, and there are different aspects to intelligence even among humans. But monkeys have excellent memory, complex vocal systems and show sophisticated social strategies that rival those of any soap opera. Monkeys can be taught to use computers to solve problems using a touch-screen or joystick. This ability is one that makes them suitable subjects in studies on how the brain works and how to treat problems that affect the brain.

• Can monkeys see color?

• Yes, monkey vision is the same as human vision.

• Can monkeys swim?

• All monkeys can swim, and some of the species housed at the TNPRC are enthusiastic swimmers. For example, wild cynomolgus macaques may play by dropping out of trees into the water.

• Why do some of the monkeys' faces sometimes look swollen?

• Rhesus macaques have cheek pouches in which they store food until they find a spot in which to settle down and eat. Some animals appear to have distorted necks because their pouches are full of food!

• How long does pregnancy last in a monkey?

• There is variation between species, but pregnancies last generally 130 - 170 days. Newborns range in size from 3.5 oz (squirrel monkeys) to 1.5 lbs (baboons).

• What happens to baby monkeys if their mothers die?

• The TNPRC maintains a nursery where infant monkeys can be cared for by people. In addition to being fed, kept warm and watched carefully to ensure health and development, infant monkeys are housed with each other and/or with adoptive mothers or grandmothers. Particularly patient older monkeys are identified as foster mothers for such infants.

• When is a monkey an adult?

• Most of the species at the TNPRC are capable of breeding at 3 - 4 years of age but do not become fully grown or socially mature for several years after that.

• How long do monkeys live?

• In the wild, survival to old age is relatively rare due to disease, injury and predation. In captivity, monkeys live longer. Most of the species housed at the TNPRC commonly live into their late twenties or even thirties.

• What do monkeys die of at the TNPRC?

• The clinical care and management of our primates is excellent, so deaths due to illness or aggression are kept to a minimum. Some research projects undertaken at the TNPRC involve euthanasia at the end of the study period because examination of tissues or organs is a critical part of understanding the disease process or evaluating preventative or treatment measures. This aspect of disease research is why it is particularly important to study animals since it is rarely possible in people.

• How do we keep our monkeys happy?

• A socially housed monkey is a happy monkey! We make every effort to house as many of our monkeys as possible in social groups. When monkeys must be housed alone for research or health reasons, extra friendly interaction with people is provided. We also provide for exercise and play, outlets for their curiosity, and activities to occupy their minds and hands. Examples include swings and perches, toys, varied food treats, opportunities to forage, and food puzzle devices.

• Why does the TNPRC care about the psychological health of its primates?

• First and foremost, it is our obligation to make the lives of animals in our care as pleasant as possible, helping to advance human health. Second, to assure that research findings are as accurate and applicable as possible, monkeys need to be psychologically healthy.

• Who ensures that the TNPRC's primates receive the best possible clinical and behavioral care?

• The TNPRC is proud of its accreditation with the Association for the Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International (AAALAC), a private, nonprofit organization that promotes the humane treatment of animals in science through voluntary accreditation and assessment programs. Our commitment to responsible animal care and use is demonstrated through our voluntary participation in AAALAC's program whose standards exceed legal requirements. We are also frequently inspected by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the federal agency responsible for enforcing the laws of the Animal Welfare Act. In addition, the Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW) has responsibility for providing oversight to these institutions, receiving research funding from NIH.

• Do monkeys make good pets?

• The practice of keeping monkeys as pets is inhumane to the animals and potentially dangerous to people. Monkeys are so highly intelligent, social and emotionally complex animals that their needs cannot be met easily by human owners. Keeping a monkey as a pet can result in permanent emotional and/or physical damage to the animal and in behaviors that are potentially dangerous to humans. Monkeys can also carry diseases that are fatal to humans.

• How can I learn more about monkeys?

• In addition to books, the Internet is an excellent resource. We provide some information at the "Primates" section of our website. One of the best places to start is the Primate Information Network. This site contains a wealth of information and numerous links to other websites.

• Do caretakers form a bond with the monkeys?

• Yes, they do! And the bonds formed are good for the caretakers, for the monkeys, and for the science. A well-written book that looks at this issue in depth is "The Inevitable Bond: Examining Scientist-Animal Interactions", H. Davis and D. Balfour, 1992, New York: Cambridge University Press.

• How is the TNPRC funded?

• The TNPRC is part of a unique national network of nonhuman primate research and resource laboratories sponsored by the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR of NIH). The administrative, operational and core research costs of the TNPRC are partially supported by a NCRR grant which must be competitively renewed every five years. Core scientific staff seek additional funding for their research activities from other components of the National Institutes of Health (e.g. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases), from other federal agencies (e.g. Public Health Service) and from private foundations (e.g. Hunter's Hope).

• Why can't alternatives such as computer models and cell cultures replace animal research?

• Computer modeling, cell cultures and some alternative research methods can be excellent avenues for reducing the number of animals used. These methods are best used to screen substances and to determine their toxicity in early stages of investigation. This reduces the total number of research animals needed. The final test, however, must be done in a whole, living system. The most sophisticated technology available today cannot mimic the complicated interactions among cells, tissues and organs that exist in humans and animals. Scientists must understand these interactions before introducing a new treatment or substance into humans.

• What kind of veterinary care is provided to the animals?

• The TNPRC has eight veterinarians to provide around-the-clock care for the animals. Several veterinarians are board-certified specialists in laboratory animal medicine. The TNPRC faculty also includes veterinary pathologists and researchers with both PhD and veterinary degrees. Up-to-date clinical facilities and the use of the latest technologies provide for state-of-the-art diagnosis and treatment of diseases and the medical care of the animals. The animals are not only well cared for, but information gathered by veterinarians and researchers can be used to benefit other captive and wild populations of nonhuman primates.

Biomedical Research - Pilot Research Program

Sponsor:Tulane National Primate Research Center

Letter Of Intent Deadline:1st February 2018

All are eligible

Pyone Pyone Aye DVM, PhD; Unit of Collaborative Research; Tulane National Primate Research Center; 18703 Three Rivers Rd; Covington, LA 70433; Ph: (985) 871 6486; Fax: (985) 871 6405; E-mail: paye@tulane.edu;