The polybrominated diphenyl ether mixture DE-71 is mildly estrogenic.
Enviado por Minerva Mercado Feliciano el
Título | The polybrominated diphenyl ether mixture DE-71 is mildly estrogenic. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2008 |
Autores | Mercado-Feliciano, M, Bigsby, RM |
Journal | Environ Health Perspect |
Volume | 116 |
Issue | 5 |
Pagination | 605-11 |
Date Published | 2008 May |
ISSN | 0091-6765 |
Palabras clave | Animals, Biological Assay, Breast Neoplasms, Cell Proliferation, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Endocrine Disruptors, Estradiol, Estrogen Receptor Modulators, Female, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers, Liver, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Ovariectomy, Phenyl Ethers, Polybrominated Biphenyls |
Abstract | BACKGROUND: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely found in the environment, and they may act as endocrine disruptors. OBJECTIVE: Our goal in this study was to test the PBDE mixture DE-71 for estrogenic activity. METHODS: We used proliferation of cultured breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and trophic effects in the reproductive tracts of ovariectomized mice as estrogen bioassays. DE-71 was administered to mice by subcutaneous injection (sc) or oral gavage (po), alone or in combination with estradiol, for 3 or 34 days. Liver weights and cytochrome P450 enzyme activities were also measured. RESULTS: DE-71 increased MCF-7 cell proliferation, and this was prevented by antiestrogen. DE-71 cotreatment reduced the effect of estradiol in MCF-7 cells. In the mouse 3-day assay, DE-71 administered alone had no effect on uterine weight, uterine epithelial height (UEH), or vaginal epithelial thickness (VET); however, when DE-71 was administered as a cotreatment, it potentiated estradiol's effect on uterine weight. DE-71 administered sc to BALB/c mice for 34 days slightly increased UEH and VET, and attenuated the estradiol-induced increase in UEH; these effects were not seen in BALB/c mice treated po or in C57BL/6 mice treated sc. DE-71 increased liver weight in BALB/c, C57BL/6, and estrogen receptor-alpha knockout mice. We also found an increase in liver cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) and CYP2B activities when DE-71 was administered po, but only CYP2B increased after sc treatment. CONCLUSION: DE-71 behaves as a weak estrogen. In mice, the treatment route and duration determined if DE-71 was estrogenic. BALB/c mice are more susceptible to DE-71 effects in estrogen target tissues than C57BL/6 mice. DE-71 increased liver weight independently of estrogen receptor-alpha. |
DOI | 10.1289/ehp.10643 |
Alternate Journal | Environ. Health Perspect. |
PubMed ID | 18470304 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC2367668 |
Grant List | ES013341 / ES / NIEHS NIH HHS / United States ES014367 / ES / NIEHS NIH HHS / United States |